See Symmetry.

Concerning the meaning of words.

Part of linguistics that deals with the meaning of words.

Each of the specific meanings of a word. For example, among the various senses of the word point, we have ‘geometric figure’, ‘stitch’, ‘location’, ‘end of a knife or needle’, ‘item of an agenda’, etc.

Fundamentally the sounds [s] and [z].

See Symmetry.

Language having a written tradition at formal level, i.e. in the production of literature, documents and other learned texts.

Part of the word containing its essential meaning, which refers to some concept and not a mere grammatical function. For example, in word globalisation, the stem is glob-, which refers to the idea of ‘globe, world, planet Earth’, whereas -al-, -is-, -a- and -tion are suffixes indicating respectively ‘transformation into adjective’ (global), ‘transformation into verb’ (globalise) and ‘transformation into noun’ (globalisation).

See Plosive.

See Symmetry.

See Affix.

See Supersynchronicity.